MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W2114824209 · doi:10.1093/llc/fqs048

Defining dialect regions with interpretations: Advancing the multidimensional scaling approach

2013· article· en· W2114824209 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueLiterary and Linguistic Computing · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicLinguistic Variation and Morphology
Canadian institutionsYork University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMultidimensional scalingScalingComputer scienceNatural language processingLinguisticsArtificial intelligenceMathematicsPhilosophyMachine learning

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In our earlier work, an approach to defining dialect areas using multidimensional scaling (MDS) of the total collection of available raw data (from a region of Romania) has produced results that showed ‘some’ but ‘not all’ of the dialect distinctions that were anticipated. To investigate this situation, we have extended our approach in two ways, one methodological and one technical. Methodologically, we have switched from looking at raw data to examining interpretive maps based on recognized dialect distinctions. Further, we have categorized these interpretations as phonetic (regular and irregular), morphophonemic, morphological, and lexical, examining each category separately. The result is a much clearer set of dialect distinctions, as seen in the MDS pictures. However, the dialect distinctions vary by category, leading us to make suggestions about the role of each category in defining the notion of dialect. Our technical extension is the creation and use of a 3D viewer for looking at the MDS pictures. We project the linguistic-distance space into three, instead of two, dimensions, and manipulate the resulting structure interactively, thus uncovering and eliminating any accidental ‘closeness’, as sometimes happens in the 2D case. Strikingly, the resulting 3D objects seem to be very flat, which strongly suggests that there are only two relevant dimensions for distinguishing these dialects, although the two dimensions do not correspond exclusively to geographic dimensions. The result of these extensions is that the multidimensional approach becomes even more viable as a way of selecting dialect and dialect-transition areas, and perhaps more accessible for use with languages and dialects beyond our own study area.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.716
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.257 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it