Status Inequality and Occupational Regrets in Late Life
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a sample of adults aged 65 years and older, the authors examine structural and experiential sources of work-related perceived discrimination and regrets about occupational attainment. These appraisals are anchored in the circumstances of people’s lives, especially those linked to race and gender. Findings indicate that Black men report the highest levels of work-related discrimination, net of achieved statuses. Black women and men report higher levels of work-related regret than Whites. Compared with Whites, Black men’s disadvantages in achieved statuses like education, occupation, economic resources, and perceived work-related discrimination contribute to their higher levels of regret. Conversely, Black women would report more work-related regret were it not for the fact that their perceived work-related discrimination is relatively similar to that of White women and men. The authors’findings underscore the social-structural and life-course foundations of a critical—but understudied—outcome of self-evaluation processes in late life: the sense of regret.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".