Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article proposes a sociological framework for the constitution of pluralism within the nation state. Revisiting Max Weber's concept of social closure in light of recent scholarship in ethnic relations, the approach developed in this article first emphasizes the constitution of groups within majority/minority relations. It shows that processes of racialization and ethnicization are at the heart of social relations. Second, it argues that nations are constituted in inter- and intra-national relations of conflict and power. This allows one to deconstruct the civic/ethnic dichotomy without losing the theoretical value of these concepts. Rather than being cultural properties, civic and ethnic forms of nationalism allude to different positions of power held by groups and nations in their respective constitutive contexts. Finally, normative pluralism is defined as being produced through conflict and struggle between the dominant group and various minorities. The article examines the relations between different national imaginations and diverse types of pluralism (e.g. multinationalism and multiculturalism). It also accounts for the intersections between different types of pluralism.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.039 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.020 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".