Full-Space Scanning Periodic Phase-Reversal Leaky-Wave Antenna
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel full-space scanning periodic phase-reversal leaky-wave antenna array is proposed, designed in offset parallel stripline technology, and demonstrated experimentally. This antenna radiates from its small phase-reversing cross-overs, which leads to a small leakage factor and subsequently a large directivity. The operation principle of the antenna is explained from the Brillouin diagram, which shows how single-beam scanning, using the m = -1 space harmonic, is achieved as a result of the π lateral shift of the dispersion curves due to phase reversal. One of the benefits of phase reversal is to permit this radiation performance with relatively small permittivity substrates (εe,min= 4 compared to εe,min= 9 for antennas without phase reversal). An unitcell matching technique is applied to avoid reflections, and thereby prevent the presence of an open stopband so as to permit continuous space scanning with efficient broadside radiation. An efficient array synthesis procedure, based on a transmission line modeling of the structure, is utilized for the design of the antenna following specifications in terms of frequency, scanning, directivity, radiation efficiency, and sidelobe level. A uniform-aperture antenna prototype, including a balun-transformer input transition, is presented, featuring experimental beamwidth and gain at the broadside frequency (25 GHz) of 4° and 15.7 dBi, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".