Motion Estimation in Ultrasound Images Using Time Domain Cross Correlation With Prior Estimates
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we introduce a new speckle tracking method that is based on the standard time-domain cross correlation strain estimation (TDE). We call this method time-domain cross-correlation with prior estimates (TDPE), because it uses prior displacement estimates of neighboring windows to speed up computation. TDPE has all the advantages of TDE, but is much faster. Simulations, as well as experiments with phantoms and tissue, indicate that TDPE is capable of reliably estimating tissue displacement and strain over a large range of displacements in real time. The computational efficiency of TDPE is compared with current time-efficient methods that have been used in real time strain imaging systems. The results show that TDPE is the most time efficient algorithm to date, and is roughly 10 times faster than the TDE. The implementation of TDPE on an Ultrasonix RP500 ultrasound machine runs at 30 fps for strain images of 16000 pixels.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it