Multi-Hop Coherent Free-Space Optical Communications over Atmospheric Turbulence Channels
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate multi-hop relaying as an efficient fading mitigation tool for coherent free-space optical (FSO) systems over atmospheric turbulence channels. We consider an FSO relaying system with decode-and-forward relay nodes and multiple heterodyne receivers with modal compensation. Based on a recently introduced statistical characterization for the combined effects of log-normal turbulence fading and modal compensation, we derive the outage probability and quantify the potential performance improvements through the derivation of diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) and diversity gain. Our outage analysis yields impressive power savings for multi-hop relaying even with a single-relay. In addition, the DMT analysis in practical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges demonstrates that multi-hop transmission scheme improves finite-SNR diversity gain throughout the range of the multiplexing gain.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.007 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it