Interventions Shown to Aid Executive Function Development in Children 4 to 12 Years Old
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Abstract
To be successful takes creativity, flexibility, self-control, and discipline. Central to all those are executive functions, including mentally playing with ideas, giving a considered rather than an impulsive response, and staying focused. Diverse activities have been shown to improve children's executive functions: computerized training, noncomputerized games, aerobics, martial arts, yoga, mindfulness, and school curricula. All successful programs involve repeated practice and progressively increase the challenge to executive functions. Children with worse executive functions benefit most from these activities; thus, early executive-function training may avert widening achievement gaps later. To improve executive functions, focusing narrowly on them may not be as effective as also addressing emotional and social development (as do curricula that improve executive functions) and physical development (shown by positive effects of aerobics, martial arts, and yoga).
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The record
- Venue
- Science
- Topic
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Field
- Psychology
- Canadian institutions
- BC Children's Hospital
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institute of Mental Health
- Keywords
- Executive functionsMindfulnessCognitive flexibilityCreativityPsychologyFlexibility (engineering)Psychological interventionMartial artsFunction (biology)CurriculumDevelopmental psychologyCognitionPedagogySocial psychologyManagementClinical psychology
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes