The biology of Canadian weeds. 113. <i>Symphyotrichum lanceolatum</i> (Willd.) Nesom [<i>Aster lanceolatus</i> Willd.] and <i>S. lateriflorum</i> (L.) Löve & Löve [<i>Aster lateriflorus</i> (L.) Britt.]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, the tall white aster, is a morphologically variable, native North American, polyploid (tetraploid, pentaploid, hexaploid, heptaploid, and octoploid cytotypes) species with a transcontinental distribution. Commonly found along fence rows, ditches, road and rail right-of-ways, and field, pond, and wood lot margins, the species is not a serious agricultural weed but may become problematic in neglected fields, poorly managed pastures, and cultivated fields on recently plowed land. For this review of the biology of the species, we recognize two subspecies, the eastern subsp. lanceolatum and western subsp. hesperium. The former is further divided into varieties lanceolatum, hirsuticaule, interior, and latifolium. Symphyotrichum lateriflorum, the one-sided aster, is also morphologically variable. The distribution of this native, polyploid (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid cytotypes) extends from the Magdalen Islands and Prince Edward Island in the north, south to Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. Occurring in a variety of habitats, including dry to wet thickets, open woods, shorelines, mesic to wet-mesic prairies, and dry open places, the species is possibly the least weedy of the weedy asters in Canada, but nonetheless may become problematic in neglected fields, poorly managed pastures, or road side right-of-ways. Although several varieties have been described, little agreement surrounds their recognition, as characters considered useful by some are designated useless by others. This contribution summarizes the known biological data for the two species. Key words: Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, Aster lanceolatus, tall white aster, Symphyotrichum lateriflorum, Aster lateriflorus, one-sided aster, weed biology
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".