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Record W2141477904 · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0255

The German Health Care System in International Comparison

2011· article· de· W2141477904 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueDeutsches Ärzteblatt international · 2011
Typearticle
Languagede
FieldHealth Professions
TopicPrimary Care and Health Outcomes
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGermanMedicineCommonwealthFamily medicineHealth careNursingEconomic growthGeography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

BACKGROUND: In 2009, the U.S. Commonwealth Fund conducted a survey of primary care physicians in a number of different countries to determine their views on aspects of their daily work and their perceptions of their countries' health care systems as a whole. A similar survey had been carried out in 2006. METHODS: From February to July 2009, the survey was carried out by interview in representative samples of primary care physicians, general practitioners, internists providing primary care, and pediatricians in 11 countries: Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, the UK, and the USA. RESULTS: A total of 10 320 interviews were conducted. Only in the Netherlands and Norway did most respondents (60% and 56%, respectively) consider their health care system to be functioning well. Everywhere else, many of the respondents-in particular, 82% of the respondents in Germany-saw a fundamental need for change. 73% of the German physicians stated that recent changes in the health care system had brought about a decline in the quality of care. In all countries but Germany, the percentage of respondents sharing this opinion was 41% at the highest. Nevertheless, most of the German physicians had a positive opinion of the patient care that they themselves delivered. CONCLUSION: The 2009 survey, like its predecessor in 2006, revealed major differences in physicians' perceptions of their health care systems from one country to another. The German respondents' dissatisfaction with, and negative evaluation of, their health care system as a whole contrast with their positive views of their own patient care.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.902
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0020.001
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.087
GPT teacher head0.436
Teacher spread0.348 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it