<i>Imitatio Christi</i> in the Later Middle Ages and in Contemporary Film: Three Paradigms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This essay considers three paradigms of imitatio Christi in the later Middle Ages and their parallels in three modern American films. One paradigm is focused on Christ's physical suffering; a second, on Christ's human relationships, including aspects of his male sexuality; and the third, on Christ's teaching. The three paradigms are exemplified in illustrations from medieval manuscripts and other media and from texts such as Johannes de Caulibus's Meditationes vitae Christi (Meditations on the Life of Christ) and Walter Hilton's Scale of Perfection. The medieval paradigms are seen to survive in three modern American film biographies of Christ: Nicholas Ray's King of Kings (1961), Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ (1997), and Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ (2004).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.034 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".