Zonation of vegetation along a burial gradient on the leeward slopes of Lake Huron sand dunes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The zonation of coastal dune plant communities from the beach to their inland margin is recognized worldwide; however, the cause of this pattern remains controversial because of the covariance of several environmental factors, such as sand burial, salt spray, and microclimate, along a gradient perpendicular to the shoreline. To minimize the confounding influence of this complex shoreinland gradient and determine the direct effects of burial on plant community composition, we examined stands along a burial gradient that extended parallel to the Lake Huron coastline, produced by variable blowout activity amongst a series of parabolic dunes comprising the second ridge inland from the coast. We used the point-quarter method and 1 m × 1 m plots to quantify overstorey and understorey plant communities in each parabolic dune stand and determined species importance, here defined as the sum of density, frequency, and dominance for the overstorey and the sum of frequency and dominance only for the understorey. Correspondence analyses of the species importance dune stand matrices elucidated a pattern of plant community composition on the primary ordination axis that was strongly related to an index of burial activity (r2 = 0.40 and 0.87 for the overstorey and understorey, respectively). Burial was associated with changes in species richness and diversity, shifts in dominant species, and species replacement based on burial tolerance across the gradient. These data support the hypothesis that burial in sand dunes is a major causative factor of zonation, which can extend beyond the foredunes and include communities of woody species.Key words: coastal dunes, vegetation, zonation, woody plants, burial.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".