Morphology, taxonomy, and nomenclature of the<i>Chrysomyxa ledi</i>complex and related rust fungi on spruce and Ericaceae in North America and Europe
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rust fungi in the genus Chrysomyxa Unger occur in boreal forests of the northern hemisphere on Pinaceae (mostly Picea A. Dietr.), and most species alternate to angiosperm hosts in the Ericaceae. About 30 species are known worldwide. Although several species are economically important pathogens of spruce and rhododendrons, knowledge about species delineations, relationships among species on different continents, and life cycles is lacking. A group of species with similar spore size, including the Chrysomyxa ledi de Bary complex, was re-examined using field observations, inoculation experiments, and light and scanning electron microscopy. In addition to host specificity, characters found useful in species delineation were urediniospore and aeciospore size and shape, and ornamentation of spores and the aecial peridium. Detailed descriptions are given for eight Chrysomyxa species, including synonyms, types, distribution, relationship to other species, and disease impact. The members of the C. ledi complex are considered separate species: Chrysomyxa ledi on Ledum palustre, Chrysomyxa nagodhii sp.nov. on Ledum groenlandicum and Ledum decumbens, Chrysomyxa neoglandulosi sp.nov. on Ledum glandulosum, Chrysomyxa cassandrae on Chamaedaphne calyculata, Chrysomyxa rhododendri on Rhododendron spp., and Chrysomyxa vaccinii comb.nov. on Vaccinium parvifolium. Chrysomyxa chiogenis, with similar spore size, is included for comparison. A previously unrecognized small-spored species, Chrysomyxa reticulata sp.nov., is described on Ledum spp. and Rhododendron spp. Evidence is presented that C. reticulata spreads from native Ledum spp. in North America to cultivated rhododendrons. A new anamorphic species, Peridermium zilleri, likely belonging in Chrysomyxa, is described on Picea sitchensis from coastal British Columbia.Key words: Uredinales, Rhododendron, needle rust, Ledum, systematics.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it