What Are the Characteristics andOutcomes of Nontransported Pediatric Patients?
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The authors have demonstrated that 28% of children cared for by paramedics are not transported to hospital by ambulance. OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristics, reasons, and outcomes for this nontransported population. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study in a single city with a two-tiered emergency medical services system. Enrolled were all children aged < 16 years assessed by paramedics but not transported to hospital over a five-month period. Data were collected from ambulance call reports, phone interviews, and hospital charts. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: Over five months, there were 345 nontransported pediatric patients with a mean age of 6 years, and 58.3% were male. The dispatch priority was urgent in 68.1% of cases and prompt in 30.4% of cases. The primary problems were almost evenly split between trauma (50.7%) and medical (45.2%) causes. Paramedics listed the following reasons for nontransport: parent will take the child to a physician (27.8%), parent will monitor the child's condition (25.8%), and no reason documented (46.4%). Phone interview was conducted with 106 parents (30.7%): 76.4% believed there was a true emergency at the time of the 9-1-1 call, 75.5% stated that the paramedics did not recommend that the child be transported to hospital by ambulance, and 29.2% stated that the paramedics said ambulance transport was not necessary. Fifty-one children were seen in an emergency department (ED) within 48 hours of the 9-1-1 call. The majority (91.3%) were discharged home from the ED, while a small minority (8.7%) were admitted to hospital. No deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Most nontransported children did not require immediate or urgent medical care. Both parents and paramedics gave input into the nontransport decision, and the short-term outcome of this population appeared to be good. Paramedic documentation for the reasons for nontransport should be improved.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it