Multidisciplinary Management of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the early 1980s, it was demonstrated that surgical intradural division of the shunting vein to the medullary venous plexus cures a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) at low morbidity. There is, however, growing literature to support endovascular therapy. METHODS: The clinical features of 49 consecutive patients with a spinal DAVF treated at a single institution between 1986 and 2001 were studied (mean age, 63 years; range, 28 to 78 years; 80% male). When possible, embolization was offered as the initial treatment. Endovascular treatment was considered adequate only if the proximal shunting vein could be occluded with liquid adhesive embolics. Motor and bladder function was evaluated with Aminoff scores an average of 32.3 months after treatment. RESULTS: All but 1 patient presented with myelopathy. At a mean of 2.3 years after symptom onset, 48 DAVFs were angiographically demonstrated. Since 1999, gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography was additionally performed in 7 patients to point out the level of the DAVF. Endovascular embolization could be attempted in 44 of the 48 DAVFs and resulted in a cure in 11 (25%). Thirty-five DAVFs were surgically cured; 2 patients refused surgery after failed embolization. Angiographic confirmation of the treatment result was available in 97.7% of the patients. No permanent complications of either embolization or surgery were noted. Motor and bladder function scores were significantly improved in 35 patients who had long-term follow-up (both P<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment with liquid adhesive material provided a result equal to surgery in 25% of patients, overall resulting in a significant amelioration in the neurological status of patients with a spinal DAVF.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it