Rendering 3-D High Dynamic Range Images: Subjective Evaluation of Tone-Mapping Methods and Preferred 3-D Image Attributes
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
High dynamic range (HDR) images provide superior picture quality by allowing a larger range of brightness levels to be captured and reproduced than traditional 8-bit low dynamic range (LDR) images. Even with existing 8-bit displays, picture quality can be significantly improved if content is first captured in HDR format, and then is tone-mapped to convert it from HDR to the LDR format. Tone mapping methods have been extensively studied for 2-D images. This paper addresses the problem of presenting stereoscopic tone-mapped HDR images on 3-D LDR displays and how it is different from the 2-D scenario. We first present a subjective psychophysical experiment that evaluates existing tone-mapping operators on 3-D HDR images. The results show that 3-D content derived using tone-mapping is much preferred to that captured directly with a pair of LDR cameras. Global (spatially invariant) and local (spatially variant) tone-mapping methods have similar 3-D effects. The second part of our study focuses on how the preferred level of brightness and the preferred amount of details differ between 3-D and 2-D images by conducting another set of subjective experiments. Our results show that while people selected slightly brighter images in 3-D viewing compared to 2-D, the difference is not statistically significant. However, compared to 2-D images, the subjects consistently preferred having a greater amount of details when watching 3-D. These results suggest that 3-D content should be prepared differently (sharper and possibly slightly brighter) from the same content intended for 2-D displaying, to achieve optimal appearance in each format. The complete database of the original HDR image pairs and their LDR counterparts are available online.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it