Effects of hydrous alteration on the distribution of base metals and platinum group elements within the Kevitsa magmatic nickel sulphide deposit
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Platinum and nickel are commonly assumed to be immobile in most conditions, especially during low temperature hydrothermal alteration. However, only a small number of studies have rigorously tested this assumption. The Ni–Cu–(PGE) sulphide ore body hosted by the Kevitsa intrusion, northern Finland, provides a natural laboratory to study the behaviour of base metals and platinum group elements (PGE) during low temperature alteration. This ca. 2060 Ma mafic–ultramafic intrusion, located in the Central Lapland greenstone belt, hosts disseminated Ni–Cu–(PGE) sulphide mineralisation in the middle part of the main ultramafic body. The mineralisation, which contains a range of Ni, Cu and PGE grades, is affected by three main alterations (serpentinisation, amphibolitisation and epidotisation), and is cross cut by various types of veins. The effect of the circulation of hydrothermal fluids on the distribution of base metals and PGE was studied at two different scales. Interrogation of an extensive deposit-wide assay database provided information on the deposit-scale (kilometre scale) effect of these different alteration styles, and a detailed study, involving laboratory X-ray fluorescence (XRF), portable XRF and micro-XRF mapping, of drill-core samples containing cm-scale cross-cutting veins provided information on the small scale (centimetre to decimetre scale) remobilisation of base metals and PGEs. Results show that the hydration and carbonation of the Kevitsa mineralised mafic–ultramafic intrusion did not significantly affect the distribution of Ni and PGE at scales larger than a few mm, and that Cu and Au are the only metals that are affected by small to large scale remobilisation from centimetre to kilometre scale.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it