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The Simulation of Smiles (SIMS) model: Embodied simulation and the meaning of facial expression

2010· review· en· 617 citations· W2160234840 on OpenAlex· 10.1017/s0140525x10000865

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A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

Canadian funderA Canadian agency funded it. The work may carry no Canadian affiliation at all.

No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame — the usual design — would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Machine scores (provisional)

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Opus teacher head0.245
GPT teacher head0.436
Teacher spread
0.191 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Abstract

Recent application of theories of embodied or grounded cognition to the recognition and interpretation of facial expression of emotion has led to an explosion of research in psychology and the neurosciences. However, despite the accelerating number of reported findings, it remains unclear how the many component processes of emotion and their neural mechanisms actually support embodied simulation. Equally unclear is what triggers the use of embodied simulation versus perceptual or conceptual strategies in determining meaning. The present article integrates behavioral research from social psychology with recent research in neurosciences in order to provide coherence to the extant and future research on this topic. The roles of several of the brain's reward systems, and the amygdala, somatosensory cortices, and motor centers are examined. These are then linked to behavioral and brain research on facial mimicry and eye gaze. Articulation of the mediators and moderators of facial mimicry and gaze are particularly useful in guiding interpretation of relevant findings from neurosciences. Finally, a model of the processing of the smile, the most complex of the facial expressions, is presented as a means to illustrate how to advance the application of theories of embodied cognition in the study of facial expression of emotion.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

The record

Venue
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Topic
Face Recognition and Perception
Field
Neuroscience
Canadian institutions
Funders
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of CanadaCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueAgence Nationale de la RechercheFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSMind Science FoundationEuropean CommissionKlingenstein Third Generation FoundationNational Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and DepressionJames S. McDonnell FoundationNational Science Foundation
Keywords
Embodied cognitionPsychologyFacial expressionCognitive psychologyCognitive scienceCognitionPerceptionGazeMeaning (existential)MimicryExpression (computer science)CommunicationNeuroscienceComputer scienceArtificial intelligence
Has abstract in OpenAlex
yes