Greening the availability design of optical WDM networks
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tremendously increasing bandwidth demands on the Internet require high transmission capacity and reliable end-to-end connections which are offered by optical WDM networks. Huge bandwidth demands of the applications cause rising energy consumption at the optical cross-connects which contributes a significant portion of the total electricity consumption. In this paper, we study the availability design of optical WDM networks in an energy-aware perspective. We propose Power-Aware Reliable Design (PARD) for optical networks which is mainly based on two-step multi-hop lightpath bypass concept aiming to provision survivable demands with minimized power consumption. Through simulations, we show that our proposed approach, PARD can guarantee high availability levels for the demands with a significant decrease in power consumption when compared to a lightpath non-bypass availability maximization design. Moreover, it is also shown that employment of PARD is more fair than a lightpath non-bypass availability maximization approach in terms of deviation of per-node power consumption. We also show that increasing the spare capacity at the backup virtual links causes further decrease in power consumption while leading to a slight decrease in connection availability. Furthermore, we present that migrating to greener resources further improves the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions of PARD significantly.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it