A search for edge-on galaxy lenses in the CFHT Legacy Survey
Why is this work in the frame?
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.
Full frame distilled prediction
Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
- Candidate categories
- none
- Consensus categories
- none
- Domain
- Candidate signal: noneConsensus signal: none
- Study design
- Candidate signal: ObservationalConsensus signal: Observational
- Genre
- Candidate signal: EmpiricalConsensus signal: Empirical
- Teacher disagreement score
- 0.028
- Threshold uncertainty score
- 0.789
- Validation status
machine_predicted_unvalidated·codex-gemma-dda1882f352a
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
- Teacher spread
- 0.222 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
- Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline· verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it
Abstract
<i>Context. <i/> The new generation of wide-field optical imaging as the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) enables discoveries of all types of gravitational lenses present in the sky. The Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S) project has started an inventory of clusters or groups of galaxies lenses and of Einstein rings around distant massive ellipticals. <i>Aims. <i/> Here we attempt to extend this inventory by finding lensing events produced by massive edge-on disk galaxies that remain a poorly documented class of lenses. <i>Methods. <i/> We implemented and tested an automated search procedure of edge-on galaxy lenses in the CFHTLS Wide fields with magnitude 18<i><<i/><i>i<i/><i><<i/>21, inclination angle lower than , and a photometric redshift determination. This procedure estimated the lensing convergence of each galaxy from the Tully-Fisher law and selected only those few candidates that exhibit a possibly nearby arc configuration at a radius compatible with this convergence ( <i>≲<i/> 2 ). The efficiency of the procedure was tested after a visual examination of the whole initial sample of 30 444 individual edge-on disks. <i>Results. <i/> After calculating the surface density of edge-on lenses possibly detected in a survey for a given seeing, we deduce that this theoretical number is about 10 for the CFHTLS Wide, a number in broad agreement with the 2 good candidates detected here. We show that the Tully-Fisher selection method is very efficient at finding valuable candidates, though its accuracy depends on the quality of the photometric redshift of the lenses. Finally, we argue that future surveys will detect at least a hundred of such lens candidates.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
The record
- Venue
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Topic
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Field
- Physics and Astronomy
- Canadian institutions
- not available
- Funders
- Institut national des sciences de l'UniversCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueShanghai Normal UniversityCentre National d’Etudes SpatialesNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaAgence Nationale de la Recherche
- Keywords
- PhysicsAstrophysicsGalaxyEinstein radiusRedshiftGravitational lensAstronomyRADIUSEinstein ringContext (archaeology)Weak gravitational lensingSkyEffective radiusStrong gravitational lensingGeographyComputer science
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes