A Thirty-Year Study of Phenotypic and Genetic Variation of Blue Tits in Mediterranean Habitat Mosaics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, the study of phenotypic and genetic variation has been enhanced by combining genetic, physiological, demographic, and behavioral components of life histories. Using these new approaches, we address the problem of adaptation to environmental heterogeneity by examining in detail the variation of several fitness-related traits in a small passerine bird, the blue tit, which has been extensively studied in habitat mosaics of the Mediterranean region. The response of blue tits to spatial habitat heterogeneity depends on their range of dispersal relative to the size of habitat patches. Dispersal over short distances leads to local specialization, whereas dispersal over long distances leads to phenotypic plasticity. Gene flow between habitats of different quality may produce local maladaptation and a source-sink population structure. However, when habitat-specific divergent selection regimes are strong enough to oppose the effects of gene flow, local adaptation may arise on a scale that is much smaller than the scale of dispersal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".