Early Permian Buildups (Tolkien Reefs) Associated With Subaqueous Evaporites, Canadian Arctic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Twenty-six reef-mounds of Early Permian (Middle or Late Asselian) age crop out along the north shore of Greely Fiord on west-central Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Each reef was attributed the name of a character from J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings”. The reefs interfinger with evaporites in the upper part of the Mount Bayley Formation, immediately below the Tanquary Formation. The reefs grew at the northern margin of a large depression of the Sverdrup Basin referred to as the Fosheim-Hamilton sub-basin, which is separated from the main Sverdrup Basin by the Elmerson high, an elongated structure of probable compressional origin. The Tolkien reefs range from 50 m to over 130 m in thickness and between 50 m and 500 m in width and length. The buildups have a massive core around which are wrapped a series of well-defined, variably steep beds (flanks), many of which display a sharp erosional base. Facies of the core and inner flank comprise: bryozoan-Tubiphytes-stromatactoid (sponge) boundstone; bryozoan cementstone; bryozoan mudstone-wackestone; and bryozoan (fusulinacean) packstone-grainstone. Facies of the outer flank include: algal boundstone; and fusulinid-algal grainstone-rudstone. Facies that occur both in the inner and outer flanks include carbonate breccia and moldic dolomicrite. The Tolkien Reefs of west-central Ellesmere Island recorded the transition from an evaporite-dominated succession (Mount Bayley Formation) to an evaporite-free succession (Tanquary Formation). The reefs grew south of a major structural element—the Elmerson high—through the complex interplay between high-order to low-order relative sea-level fluctuations driven by tectonics, glacio-eustasy, and evaporative drawdown. The Tolkien Reefs recorded the rapid transition between a long episode of differential, and in part fault-controlled, syntectonic subsidence and a long period of slower, regional post-tectonic passive subsidence. While the former can be associated with a pulse of compressional tectonics that affected many areas of the Sverdrup Basin, the latter represents a phase of tectonic quiescence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".