Influence of canopy cover and amount of open habitat in the surrounding landscape on proportion of alien plant species in forest sites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
:Most alien plant species are open-habitat species. Therefore, at the site scale, canopy openness should favour the germination and growth of alien species, and at the landscape scale the presence of open habitat should increase the seed rain and therefore the colonization rate of forest sites by alien species. We tested these two hypotheses by quantifying the proportion of alien understory plant species in 192 forest sites ranging in canopy cover and amount of open habitat in the surrounding landscapes. Our results supported both hypotheses, although the total amount of variance explained was low (12%). The proportion of alien plant species in forest sites increased with decreasing canopy cover at the site and with increasing amount of open habitat in the landscapes surrounding the forest sites. The effect of canopy cover was much stronger than the effect of amount of open habitat in the surrounding landscapes, suggesting that conditions for germination and growth are a stronger limitation on alien species incursion into these forest sites than is the availability of alien species propagules.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".