Understanding Goal-Directed Action in Emerging Adulthood
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article describes an alternative framework for conceptualizing and researching emerging adulthood based on the notions of goal-directed processes. Specifically, contextual action theory (CAT) is proposed to add value to understanding transition-to-adulthood processes because of its emphasis on description, intentional action, and relational context. A related naturalistic, longitudinal method, the action-project method (A-PM), is used to study joint, goal-directed actions and projects (multiple actions over time). The A-PM qualitatively describes joint projects of emerging adults and those involved with them by relying on three perspectives of action: manifest behavior, internal processes, and social meaning. The method consists of video recording joint action between participants, accessing internal processes of action through a video playback interview, and monitoring joint projects over time. This conceptualization and method have been used to describe the joint goal-directed processes inherent in emerging adulthood including parent–youth relationships, friendship, identity formation, and school–work transitions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".