Predicting wave transmission past Reef Ball<sup>™</sup>submerged breakwaters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Buccino, M., Del Vita, I., and Calabrese, M., 2013. Predicting wave transmission past Reef BallTM submerged breakwatersReef Balls™ are hemispherical shaped artificial units, made of neutral concrete and characterized by a particular surface textures to promote the growth of marine life. They can be arranged in different layouts to form submerged breakwaters, even of significant width. Although structures in Reef Balls have been employed for the protection of a number of top quality sites, no well-established design tool exists for the prediction of wave transmission behind them. In this article a set of equations is provided, based on the so-called “Conceptual Approach” originally developed for ordinary structures. The new expressions proved to fit properly more than 300 experimental data, coming from physical model tests conducted at two different American laboratories: Queen's University Coastal Engineering Research Laboratory (Canada) and the USACE Engineering Research and Development Center Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (USA).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".