MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W2262986853

Walk to transit or drive to transit

2011· article· en· W2262986853 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueeSpace (Curtin University) · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicUrban Transport and Accessibility
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsInterurbanTransit (satellite)Public transportTransport engineeringInvestment (military)BusinessUrban transitTrainPark and rideGeographyEngineeringPolitical sciencePolitics
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The most common form of access to urban transit is by foot. Early suburban and exurban commuting to urban centers was facilitated first by commuter rail along existing intercity rail lines and then by interurban services that were often electrified. Since these services generally connected town centers most access to them was by foot and occasionally by horse. The rise of automobility in the early decades of the twentieth century facilitated by increased roadbuilding and paving, led to greater automobile commuting or driving to stations. The provision of park and ride facilities was greatly influenced by shifts in U.S. transportation policy and funding, beginning in the 1960s. The park and ride idea has been imported by many transit systems around the world, although most have made significant departures from the American model in both form and provision. Walk-to and drive-to transit are compared and the consequences of investment in park and ride and “kiss and ride,” especially in the U.S. and Canadian contexts, are explored. It is found that drive-to transit comes with considerable environmental, fiscal and opportunity costs and that its funding could be applied more productively to improving local transit and pedestrians conditions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.831
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.042
GPT teacher head0.256
Teacher spread0.214 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it