Timing of endoscopic surgical decompression in traumatic optic neuropathy: a systematic review of the literature
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) represents a rare but devastating complication of closed head injuries. No accepted guidelines are available for medical and surgical management algorithms. A systematic review of the literature was performed to determine the optimal timing and candidacy for endoscopic surgical intervention. METHODS: A systematic review of multiple databases was performed including Medline-Ovid, EMBASE, and PubMed. Data was extracted and patients stratified based on surgical delay from trauma (≤3 days, >3 days, ≤7 days, or >7 days) as well as preoperative and postoperative vision testing (no light perception [NLP]; light perception [LP]; hand motion [HM]; or finger counting [FC] or better). RESULTS: The literature review identified 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria. In the group of patients receiving surgery ≤3 days after the antecedent event, 57% (105/183) had visual improvement, whereas in the >7-days group 51% (145/283) of patients improved. In those with NLP preoperatively, 41% (172/411) saw improvement, whereas those with LP (89%), HM (93%), or FC (85%) fared better. CONCLUSION: The literature suggests that surgical intervention for TON is indicated despite delayed presentation, and is a better choice than no intervention at all. Patients with complete blindness on presentation (NLP) tend to have a poorer surgical outcome.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it