Impaired muscle function and tibial bone deficits in children with Crohnʼs Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Children with Crohn's disease consistently demonstrate bone mass deficits, both at diagnosis and later during their disease course. We have previously shown that these deficits are associated with acute suppression in bone turnover and reductions in total body lean body mass (a surrogate for muscle mass). The purpose of this report was to determine whether the previously observed sarcopenia is associated with reductions in leg muscle function and changes in tibial bone and muscle structure in an inception cohort of children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease. Twenty children have been recruited to the study to date (12 girls, 8 boys; mean age 13.3±3.1 years). Muscle function was measured within 2 weeks of diagnostic endoscopy by peak jump power on a single, two-legged jump using a mechanography force plate (Leonardo™). Results were converted to weight- and gender-matched Z-scores. Physical activity was measured according to the Habitual Activity Estimation Scale (HAES). Bone and muscle structural indices were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography, as follows: trabecular bone density at the 4% (metaphyseal) site; cortical and muscle cross-sectional area at the 66% (diaphyseal) site. Peak jump power was significantly below the healthy average (mean Z-score -1.5±1.6, p<0.001), and was inversely associated with inactive weekday and weekend hours (r-0.57 and -0.38, p=0.01). Average muscle cross-sectional area Z-score was reduced at the 66% site (-0.66±0.77, p=0.002), though cortical cross-sectional area Zscore was preserved (mean -0.01±1.2 p=0.98). Tibial trabecular bone density Z-score at the metaphyseal site was below average, though did not reach statistical significance (mean -1.06±2.06, p=0.19). Tibial muscle mass and muscle function are significantly reduced at diagnosis in children with Crohn's disease. While diaphyseal cortical cross-sectional area was close to the healthy average at this timepoint, metaphyseal trabecular density was below average. These findings suggest an adverse effect of the disease on muscle development and on recently produced bone adjacent to the growth plate. Taken together, these results add further support for muscle weakness as one of the key factors contributing to the bone mass deficit in children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".