Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article historically situates Ashraf Ali Thanvi’s Bahishti Zewar ( Heavenly Ornaments) as a manual for the production of pious dispositions. Written in 1905 for Muslim women in north India, this Urdu text teaches women how to train themselves to be pious and provides an ideal picture of the well-formed woman, self-reflective of how her actions correspond to the Divine will. Brought up as a Muslim, she has already been socialised into subordination to this will. Becoming self-reflective, linked to a critical rite of passage of an individual’s life, involves more regulated, arduous and deliberate reiterative work on the self. Without advocating that women should be managed through religious idiom, the analysis presented here challenges euro-centric perceptions of modernity and tradition and proposes that we need to think through more carefully what kind of agency is actually involved in consolidating the Muslim subject who submits to Divine will in a framework of ‘ shariatic modernity’. This discussion carries immense relevance for current debates about how Muslim women may address the challenges of living in the West.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".