Mopping up the labour shortage: the privatisation of waste management and gendered work reorganisation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article explores the gendered nature of work reorganisation in Johannesburg's privatised Pikitup waste management utility. It establishes that feminist analysis requires an exploration of the historical production of gendered and racialised divisions of labour, the continuities and disjunctures that arise with privatisation, the consequences for men and women workers in the workplace and the home and the effects of men's gendered privileges. Because Pikitup's profit-generating strategy mapped onto a pre-existing gender division of labour, the all-male collection workforce was shielded from labour shortages that resulted in dramatic forms of work reorganisation in the feminised street cleaning sector. Male street cleaning workers experienced the same objective transformations in work organisation as their female counterparts. However, they were less compromised due to the power associated with their masculinity in both the workplace and the home, belying any notion of convergence of experience between male and female workers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".