Growth of Crystalline Tungsten Carbides Using 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3-disilacyclobutane on a Heated Tungsten Filament
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A method of forming crystalline tungsten carbides was reported by exposing the heated tungsten filament to 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-disilacyclobutane (TMDSCB) in a hot-wire chemical vapor deposition process. Methyl radicals produced from the decomposition of TMDSCB on the filament serve as the carbon source. The formation of tungsten carbides was investigated by X-ray diffraction, cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy, and in-situ filament resistance measurements. A pure W 2 C phase was formed at a high temperature of 2400 °C after 1–2 h exposure time with a growth rate of 4.4 μm min –1 . The growth of the W 2 C layer is found to be a diffusion-controlled process. Our study at longer deposition time of 3–4 h shows that once the metal filament is fully carburized to form W 2 C, the carbon-rich WC phase starts to form on the outside layer upon further exposure to TMDSCB. A WC layer with no contamination from the W 2 C phase was found to be formed at 2400 °C and 4 h deposition time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".