First‐order bistatic high‐frequency radar ocean surface cross‐section for an antenna on a floating platform
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first‐order bistatic high‐frequency radar cross‐section of ocean surface is derived for the case of a fixed receiver and a floating, but tethered, transmitter. A general expression for the bistatically received first‐order electric field is obtained from earlier work based on fixed antennas. A small displacement caused by the platform motion is added in the source term to modify the stationary antenna model. Based on the assumption that the ocean surface can be described as a Fourier series with coefficients being random variables, the first‐order bistatic radar cross‐section is derived. The effect of the platform motion is found to produce a sum of Bessel functions in the final cross‐section result, varying in order from zero to infinity. Under appropriately specified conditions, the bistatic model with antenna motion is verified to reduce to the monostatic model with antenna motion and the bistatic stationary model, respectively. Assuming a simple model in which the platform motion is caused by the dominant ocean wave, simulations are made to show the effect of platform motion on the radar cross‐section under a variety of sea states and operating frequencies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".