Hairstreaks (and Other Insects) Feeding at Galls, Honeydew, Extrafloral Nectaries, Sugar Bait, Cars, and Other Routine Substrates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The northern oak hairstreak ( Satyrium favonius ontario (W. H. Edwards)) is one of the most infrequently encountered resident butterflies in New England; only three adults were seen over the five-year course of the Connecticut Butterfly Atlas project ( O'Don-nell et al. 2007 ). Shapiro (1974) considered it one of the rarest northeastern butterflies, and (as often quoted elsewhere in the butterfly literature) Holland (1931) regarded the northern oak hairstreak to be so infrequent that he wondered if the butterfly might be a re-occurring aberration of a more common hairstreak. Its scarcity is mysterious in that its host, oak, is one of the most abundant plant genera in the East. Its congener, the striped hairstreak ( Satyrium liparops (Le Conte)) is infrequently encountered in New England; most reports are of adults nectaring at milkweed blossoms in late June and July. However, its late instars are among the most common lepidopteran larvae on apple and highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in early June. In spring 2013, we found numerous striped hairstreak larvae while beating blueberry for immatures of Henry's elfin butterfly ( Callophrys henrici (Grote & Robinson)); five to eight S. liparops caterpillars were found on every highbush blueberry that was sampled along a woodland path in Salem, Connecticut. The same path and adjacent yard yielded only two striped hairstreak adult sightings over the course of the next six weeks despite repeated and targeted visits to view the butterfly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".