Metalenses at visible wavelengths: Diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging
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Abstract
Subwavelength resolution imaging requires high numerical aperture (NA) lenses, which are bulky and expensive. Metasurfaces allow the miniaturization of conventional refractive optics into planar structures. We show that high-aspect-ratio titanium dioxide metasurfaces can be fabricated and designed as metalenses with NA = 0.8. Diffraction-limited focusing is demonstrated at wavelengths of 405, 532, and 660 nm with corresponding efficiencies of 86, 73, and 66%. The metalenses can resolve nanoscale features separated by subwavelength distances and provide magnification as high as 170×, with image qualities comparable to a state-of-the-art commercial objective. Our results firmly establish that metalenses can have widespread applications in laser-based microscopy, imaging, and spectroscopy.
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The record
- Venue
- Science
- Topic
- Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
- Field
- Materials Science
- Canadian institutions
- University of Waterloo
- Funders
- Air Force Office of Scientific ResearchMultidisciplinary University Research InitiativeMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanCharles Stark Draper LaboratoryAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchHarvard School of Engineering and Applied SciencesNational Science Foundation
- Keywords
- OpticsWavelengthDiffractionResolution (logic)Visible spectrumMaterials scienceOptoelectronicsPhysicsComputer science
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes