Axial and lateral load transfer of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) piles in soft clay
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the performance of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) piles in soft clay. The load transfer behaviour of small-scale FRP piles manufactured using either glass or carbon fibres is analysed and compared to that of traditional steel piles, in order to assess the viability of FRPs as piling materials. In addition, the effects of FRP material and fibre orientation on pile behaviour are investigated with the goal of identifying the optimal conditions for best performance. In all cases, the FRP piles present higher or at least similar capacity compared to steel piles. FRP surface topology, pile texture and waviness pattern dictated by the fibre weaving and orientation were found to exert a significant influence on the pile axial capacity. The lower stiffness of the FRP piles leads to increased pile head displacement under lateral loading compared to steel piles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it