Design concepts and principles for tall multi-storey superstructures incorporating timber frameworks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: There is clear interest from designers in at least Europe, North America and The Antipodes in using timber as a primary construction material for relatively tall multi-storey building superstructures. However, contemporary timber design standards are oriented towards providing information best suited to design of quite low-rise building superstructures (circa less than 20m tall) for which relatively relaxed structural engineering approaches are deemed acceptable. Discussion here relates to design of superstructures having up to twelve storeys and around 80m heights. Details addressed include recommendations developed under the auspices of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering as part of draft IABSE Structural Engineering Document 13 “Structural Use of Timber in Tall Multi-storey Buildings” scheduled to be published in 2013. Mention is also made of the possible creation of special -- Extra Normal Applications -- provisions in the Canadian timber design code that would advise engineers how to approach design of building superstructures with characteristics not sensibly similar to characteristics of traditional timber superstructures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".