Review of the Reclamation Techniques for Acid-Generating Mine Wastes upon Closure of Disposal Sites
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) remains a major environmental challenge for the mining industry. The preferred options for effectively limiting the environmental impact of AMD consist in controlling the reactions through the use of preventative techniques. Their principal objective is to exclude at least one of the constitutive elements of the chemical reactions, i.e. water, oxygen, or sulfidic minerals. The article recalls the basic principles and reviews different approaches for the prevention and control of AMD upon mine closure. The main methods include multi-layer covers, water covers, and an elevated water table (with a mono-layer cover). Their main advantages, limitations and uncertainties are addressed. Alternative approaches, such as environmental desulphurization and co-disposal of waste rock and tailings, are also discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it