Highly charged<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">W</mml:mi><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>13</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo> </mml:mo><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Ir</mml:mi><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>16</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Pt</mml:mi><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>17</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>ions as promising optical clock candidates for probing variations of the fine-structure constant
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transitions among the first three low-lying states in the highly charged $\mathrm{W}^{13+}, \mathrm{Ir}^{16+}$, and $\mathrm{Pt}^{17+}$ ions are found to be strongly forbidden with wavelengths in the optical regime. By determining their energy levels, lifetimes, and other spectroscopic properties that are decisive quantities for estimating dominant systematics due to stray electromagnetic interactions in an experiment, we demonstrate that it can be possible to measure frequencies of the lowest forbidden transitions below a ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}19}$ precision level in the above ions, and hence, they seem to be suitable for frequency standards. We employ a sophisticated relativistic coupled cluster method to carry out calculations of these properties of the above states involving $4f$- and $5s$-core orbitals. We also found, by estimating their relativistic sensitivity coefficients, that these clock transitions can be highly sensitive to the tiny drift in the fine-structure constant ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{e}$. Consequently, a clock based on one of these ions, particularly $\mathrm{Pt}^{17+}$, could be used for corroborating the hypothesis of temporal and spatial variation in ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{e}$.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.132 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it