Study of the Wettability of Coke by Different Pitches and Their Blends
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The properties of coal tar pitch, which is used as the binder material for carbon anode production, strongly affect the anode properties. Pitches have significant differences in their chemical compositions depending on their origin. In this study, four different coal tar pitches and their blends were studied with the aim of understanding the wettability of a calcined petroleum coke by pitch using the sessile-drop test. In this test, contact angle, which is an indication of wettability, is measured. Contact angles decrease with increasing time, and smaller contact angle means better wettability. The chemical properties of pitches and coke were studied using XPS to investigate their interactions and, consequently, the wetting mechanism. The results showed that blending different pitches influences the wettability. The presence of acidic, basic, and heteroatom containing functional groups in pitch might cause acid–base/condensation reactions when they are blended and, thus, influence the wetting behavior of the pitch blend.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".