Spline-based analysis of electric arc furnaces
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a method based on the theory of spline functions is developed to estimate the optimal operating conditions of electric arc furnaces. Voltage and current waveforms with distortions are approximated by spline polynomials. These spline polynomials are used in the time-domain analysis of a furnace power circuit. The active power deployed at the tips of the furnace electrodes is determined by the overlapping of the voltage and current splines. The optimal phase angle to deliver maximum active power depends on the relative position of these waveforms. Results from the application of the proposed spline technique to data from a simulator and an actual furnace are compared against the traditional optimization method. It is shown that the proposed spline technique outperforms the traditional one. Conclusions addressing the advantages and limitations of the spline-based analysis of electric arc furnaces are given.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it