Platinum single-atom and cluster catalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction
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Abstract
Platinum-based catalysts have been considered the most effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction in water splitting. However, platinum utilization in these electrocatalysts is extremely low, as the active sites are only located on the surface of the catalyst particles. Downsizing catalyst nanoparticles to single atoms is highly desirable to maximize their efficiency by utilizing nearly all platinum atoms. Here we report on a practical synthesis method to produce isolated single platinum atoms and clusters using the atomic layer deposition technique. The single platinum atom catalysts are investigated for the hydrogen evolution reaction, where they exhibit significantly enhanced catalytic activity (up to 37 times) and high stability in comparison with the state-of-the-art commercial platinum/carbon catalysts. The X-ray absorption fine structure and density functional theory analyses indicate that the partially unoccupied density of states of the platinum atoms' 5d orbitals on the nitrogen-doped graphene are responsible for the excellent performance.
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The record
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Topic
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Field
- Energy
- Canadian institutions
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials ResearchMcMaster UniversityWestern University
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Joint FundNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaMcMaster UniversityCanadian Light Source
- Keywords
- PlatinumCatalysisDensity functional theoryMaterials sciencePlatinum nanoparticlesHydrogenCluster (spacecraft)Carbon fibersGrapheneInorganic chemistryNanotechnologyChemical engineeringChemistryChemical physicsPhotochemistryComputational chemistryOrganic chemistry
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes