Current-Biasing of Power-Amplifier Transistors and Its Application for Ultra-Wideband High Efficiency at Power Back-Off
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new biasing scheme is proposed for transistors used in power-amplifier applications. In the proposed biasing scheme, a constant current source is used as the power supply for the transistor's output terminal. A whole new family of amplifier classes can be defined using this biasing scheme. Analytical equations are obtained and verified for current and voltage waveforms of a current-biased transistor for both resistive and tuned load impedances. Using the proposed current biasing scheme, the transistor presents completely different behaviors compared with the conventional voltage biasing scheme. These properties can be utilized for new design concepts and can provide new possibilities in the future designs and applications. Some of the differences between current-biased and voltage-biased amplifiers are discussed. One of the different behaviors shown by the current-biased transistor amplifiers is the reversed load modulation. Using this property of the current-biased amplifiers, a reversed modulation dual branch (RMDB) amplifier structure is proposed for ultra-wideband high efficiency at power back-off. Due to the reversed load modulation of current-biased transistors, a multibranch amplifier can be implemented to obtain high efficiency at power back-off without the need for an impedance inverter at the output of the current-biased amplifier. By using the proposed amplifier structure, a wideband RMDB amplifier was fabricated and tested exhibiting higher than 37% efficiency for long-term evolution (LTE) signals in 0.8-2.2-GHz bandwidth, which is equivalent to 93% fractional bandwidth.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it