Assessing the Glass Ceiling Effect for Women in Tourism and Hospitality
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this research is to explore the degree to which women face various barriers that prevent them as a worker in the tourism sector, in the city of Aqaba located in Jordan, from obtaining upper-level positions. These include internal business structural barriers, societal barriers, governmental barriers, situational barriers, and personal barriers. A total of 200 questionnaire containing 27 items was used to collect information from women who are working in the industries of tourism and hospitality. Results of the current study revealed that all the above barriers are applied to moderate and low levels in which the range of the mean score are 2.16-3.35 out of 4. This study shall provide important feedback to decision-makers to enhance and empower the women further in the tourism and hospitality disciplines specifically in Aqaba city.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it