Representations of detention and other pains of law enforcement in police museums in Ontario, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Police museums have been described as dark tourism destinations that depict death and suffering, yet rarely have they been conceptualised as a form of penal tourism. Applying Diarmaid Harkin’s notion of 'pains of policing' to police museums in Ontario, Canada we illustrate how these sites engage in punishment memorialisation. Police museums, which are increasingly staged in the front of police headquarters, are one of the ways policing organisations communicate with the public about their practices, past and present. Engaging with literature on public meanings of police memorialisation, we show how use of force, arrest, interrogation, detention, and other aspects of law enforcement and penality are represented in these museum settings. Drawing from field notes and visual analysis, we argue that these depictions deflect culpability and blame for police violence and abuses, which are normalised in these representations. In conclusion, we reflect on what our findings mean for literature on police museums specifically, and dark and penal tourism sites more broadly.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it