Doping prevalence among Danish elite athletes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate seasonal and all time doping among Danish elite athletes (N = 771, male = 56.5%) and to investigate gender differences. An online survey was conducted (response rate = 57%) which included biographical information as well as randomized response technique questions about seasonal and all-time doping. Concerning last season prevalence, the maximum doping rate was estimated at 30.6% (95% confidence interval 22.6–35.7) and the rate of honest non-dopers was estimated at 69.4%. For the lifetime prevalence of doping, a rate of at least 3.1% dopers (95% confidence interval 0–8.9) and a maximum of 26% (95% confidence interval 13.4–40.8), with a rate of approximately 74% who can reliably be estimated to have never doped throughout their career was identified. No significant gender differences were found. In conclusion, the doping prevalence among Danish elite athletes is similar to that of Dutch and German elite athletes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it