Effects of human rhinovirus on epithelial barrier integrity and function in children with asthma
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Background Bronchial epithelial tight junctions ( TJ ) have been extensively assessed in healthy airway epithelium. However, no studies have yet assessed the effect of human rhinovirus ( HRV ) infection on the expression and resultant barrier function in epithelial tight junctions ( TJ ) in childhood asthma. Objectives To investigate the impact of HRV infection on airway epithelial TJ expression and barrier function in airway epithelial cells ( AEC s) of children with and without asthma. Furthermore, to test the hypothesis that barrier integrity and function is compromised to a greater extent by HRV in AEC s from asthmatic children. Methods Primary AEC s were obtained from children with and without asthma, differentiated into air ‐ liquid interface ( ALI ) cultures and infected with rhinovirus. Expression of claudin‐1, occludin and zonula occluden‐1 ( ZO ‐1) was assessed via qPCR , immunocytochemistry ( ICC ), in‐cell western ( ICW ) and confocal microscopy. Barrier function was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance ( TER ; R T ) and permeability to fluorescent dextran. Results Basal TJ gene expression of claudin‐1 and occludin was significantly upregulated in asthmatic children compared to non‐asthmatics; however, no difference was seen with ZO ‐1. Interestingly, claudin‐1, occludin and ZO ‐1 protein expression was significantly reduced in AEC of asthmatic children compared to non‐asthmatic controls suggesting possible post‐transcriptional inherent differences. HRV infection resulted in a transient dissociation of TJ and airway barrier integrity in non‐asthmatic children. Although similar dissociation of TJ was observed in asthmatic children, a significant and sustained reduction in TJ expression concurrent with both a significant decrease in TER and an increase in permeability in asthmatic children was observed. Conclusion This study demonstrates novel intrinsic differences in TJ gene and protein expression between AEC of children with and without asthma. Furthermore, it correlates directly the relationship between HRV infection and the resultant dissociation of epithelial TJ that causes a continued altered barrier function in children with asthma.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it