Disciplinary Metadata in Libraries: A Case Study Applying the ISO 19115-North American Profile (NAP) for Describing Historical Topographic Maps
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many academic libraries support the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), offering new ways of interacting with geographic resources online. As these libraries host larger amounts of digital data, including maps and GIS, management and access become increasingly important. This article highlights and analyses the work of a group of Ontario University Libraries to inventory, digitize, georeference, and describe historical maps from the Canadian National Topographic Series. Specifically, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in describing these maps using the ISO 19115 standard, and the resulting access improvements which we argue are transformative for map libraries in the digital age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.031 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.014 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.020 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".