Bibliographic record
Abstract
The failure of Marxism to account for the rise of fascism and Nazism; the establishment of authoritarian regimes where “communist” revolutions had occurred, largely in pre-industrial societies; and the incapacity of the proletariat to develop class consciousness and foment class conflict in advanced industrial societies led the members of the Frankfurt School to revise and adapt Marxism to twentieth century realities. While relentlessly critical of capitalism, they tended to be pessimistic about the possibility of revolution. The leader of the “second generation” of the critical theorists, Jürgen Habermas, moved on from the Marxist foundation to develop a more comprehensive, pragmatic, communications-based model of modern life, which gained support among left-leaning intellectuals. This chapter relates some of Habermas' insights to the practical problems of faculty in community colleges in Ontario, Canada as they confront neoliberal ideology and practice and work to challenge power relations and pedagogy in the workplace.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.053 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".