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Record W2805615377 · doi:10.5539/jmr.v10n4p32

Handwriting Detection Model Based on Four-Dimensional Vector Space Model

2018· article· en· W2805615377 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Mathematics Research · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicSimulation and Modeling Applications
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHandwritingFeature vectorWord (group theory)Vector space modelSentenceSpace (punctuation)Artificial intelligenceComputer scienceValue (mathematics)Feature (linguistics)Pattern recognition (psychology)Natural language processingMathematicsSpeech recognitionMachine learningLinguisticsGeometry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Handwriting detection is mainly used in the criminal investigation. We can use four-dimensional vector space model to build a model for handwriting detection. This article selects feature quantities such as word frequency, language style, average word length, and sentence structure from the texts and quantizes them, transforming them into relations between vectors. After quantifying and normalizing the features in an author's article in advance, we can obtain a standard reference vector. Then we do the same processing on the target text database, and compare it with the standard reference vector in terms of the modulus value and the included angle. Then we could estimate whether the author is the owner of database value. The simulation result shows that the model is more accurate and the author of particular texts can be obtained.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.691
Threshold uncertainty score0.303

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.154
GPT teacher head0.383
Teacher spread0.230 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it