Early transition metal-catalyzed C–H alkylation: hydroaminoalkylation for C<sub>sp3</sub>–C<sub>sp3</sub> bond formation in the synthesis of selectively substituted amines
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydroaminoalkylation is a 100% atom economic method for forming Csp3-Csp3 bonds through C-H activation α to an amine and subsequent reaction with an alkene. When catalyzed by early transition metals, this reaction allows for alternative disconnections for the synthesis of structurally complex amines. This method avoids the installation of protecting groups or directing groups and does not require added oxidants, or photoredox catalysts. In this feature article, we discuss the various selectively substituted amines that can be accessed by hydroaminoalkylation, with a special focus on the development of early transition metal catalysts for their rapid, step and atom efficient assembly.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it