The Effect of Leader-Member Exchange “LMX” on Employee Turnover Intent: An Applied Study on the Telecommunication Sector in Egypt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper examines whether the Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory has an effect on the employee turnover intent in the presence of intercultural competence. Our sample consists of 319 employees working in the telecommunications sector in Egypt. The dependent variable is employee turnover and the independent variable is LMX, where LMX as a variable is measured by four components: affect, loyalty, contribution and professional respect. We used intercultural competence as the moderating variable. Intercultural competence is measured by nine components: cross cultural empathy, self-efficacy, willingness to engage, cross cultural openness, emotional self-regulation, self-monitoring, tolerance for ambiguity, low need for cognitive and cognitive flexibility. We used Cronbach’s alpha, path analysis and path regressions in our statistical analysis. Our results showed a significant positive relationship between LMX and employee turnover intent and an indirect relationship between LMX and employee turnover intent in the presence of intercultural competence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".